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Tuber with a parasite
Amadej Trnkoczy, 13-11-2016 20:10
Amadej TrnkoczyHi,
I (totally inexperienced) would kindly ask for some help. Forgive me eventually stupid ideas.

I found this tuber (hope so) with what I believe is a parasitic fungus on it. The fruitbody seemed to be slightly over-matured. Originally it was a single body, but it broke into two pieces during handling (Fig.1).

Based on spore dimensions (Me = 26 x 20.8 micr., n= 51) (Fig.7,8), their coarsely reticulated surface and tuber's cortex it could eventually be Tuber aestivum/uncinatum (Figs. 1-6). But the date of the find is very late, on November 3, and cross-section doesn't fit to what I can find in literature and internet (over-mature tuber?). It also had very faint smell. Also, it was not really buried in the ground. Gleba was almost 100% spore mass. I found only a few places where I believed I saw 'remnants' of asci (Fig.8, arrow). Variation in spore dimensions was enormous (Fig.8, from 21 to 45 micr. diameter). Tissue below cortex (Fig. 9, 10) was interesting, like a spatial 'hexangular' net (Fig.10) with no spores there. Can this really be Tuber aestivum?

Orange blobs on tuber are probably a parasitic fungus, eventually an anamorph (Figs. 11-14) (Sympodiophora / Hypomyces ??). I've found neither asci nor basidia. Hypha is of two kinds, thin walled (Fig. 13) and yellow-brown thick walled (Fig.14). No clamps seen. Squashes of the blobs were full of small, smooth spores/conidia (Me = 5.7 x 3.4 micr., n = 40) shown on Fig.15. The surface of the blobs show a kind of flask shaped 'cystidia' with globose apex (Fig.12) - possibly conidiophores?

On the lower surface of the tuber I also noticed a few small (fi 1-2 mm) circular, cottony tufts of snow white hypha which seems to be a kind of mold (old tuber?). Under microscope I found only hypha without any other structure (Fig. 17) in them.

A third type of spores/conidia was also observed (Fig. 16) - very numerous, long and narrow, spindle shaped and septated (Me = 49.3 x 5.3 micr, n = 31; 3 - 7 septa, avg = 4.9, n = 35). They were everywhere, but seem to be associated mostly with the tuber's gleba (not sure). Where they actually belong I don't know.

All three types of spores/conidia were very numerous, so I exclude the possibility of an external contamination of the find.

I will be grateful to anybody for shedding some light on this interesting puzzle (for me).

Regards
Amadej

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Habitat: mountain slope; Fagus sylvatica forest with some Picea abies; 590 m asl; in shade; colluvial, skeletal, calcareous ground; average temperature 7-9 deg C, average precipitations about 3.000 mm/year; alpine phytogeographical region.
Substratum: apparently on soil (not in!), but almost completely buried with ground humus, mostly rotten leaves of Fagus sylvatica.
Place: Trenta valley, East Julian Alps, Slovenia.
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Walter Gams, 13-11-2016 22:44
Walter Gams
Re : Tuber with a parasite
An interesting find. The fusiform conidia obviously belong to Fusarium. The miicroconidia may belong to the same fungus or be something else. These fungi should be grown in culture. Can you send me some material air-dry?
Best regards    Walter
Amadej Trnkoczy, 15-11-2016 20:17
Amadej Trnkoczy
Re : Tuber with a parasite
Thank you Walter for your response. Gladly I will send you dry material. Please, send me the address where to send it. What is your opinion regarding the Tuber? Could it be Tuber aestivum?

Warmest regards
Amadej

Walter Gams, 15-11-2016 20:48
Walter Gams
Re : Tuber with a parasite
address: Molenweg 15, 3743CK Baarn, Netherlands.
Please send it air-dry and not air-tight closed, because I shall be absent for 3 weeks.